Foreword Security has been a constant in human history—an instinct for the individual, a concern for the community, an aspiration for each nation. It has instigated unfriendly fences and hostile defenses. Its apparatus has ranged from slings and arrows to outrageous nukes. Its principles are certainly positive, even hallowed; but, tragically, it has also fomented distrust, hatred, and destruction. Because of the ravages wreaked by morbid feelings of insecurity, the martial spirit has come to dominate some societies. Pathological fear often breeds wrath, anxiety, and angst—sometimes leads to annihilation. Peace, as humanity’s noble ideal, is still a far cry from reality. The ancient Latin dictum si vis pacem, para bellum continues to admonish nations, large and small, to ‘‘prepare for war if you wish peace.’’ Even now, the shibboleth inspires nations and shapes their foreign policy as well as institutions. It has served as the spiritus movens for ideologies evolved
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