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OECD Economic Surveys: Chile 2012
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- Table of contents
- Basic statistics of Chile (2010 unless noted)
- Executive summary
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Assessment and recommendations
- Figure 1. Inequality and poverty across OECD countries
- + Demand is keeping growth up but there are signs of a slowdown
- + Once the external environment improves the government should close the structural budget deficit
- + In the medium term the government should increase the efficiency of the tax system and revenues
- The current monetary policy is broadly appropriate
- + Potential weaknesses in financial regulation need to be addressed
- + Stronger economic growth will require measures to reinforce productivity growth
- + The government should further build on its efforts to improve the quality and equity of education
- + Higher cash transfers can help reduce poverty and strengthen economic growth
- + The poor, women and youth need more assistance to improve their employability
- + Better targeted housing subsidies and more residential mobility
- Bibliography
- Annex A1. Progress in structural reform
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Chapter 1.
Reducing poverty in Chile: Cash transfers and better jobs
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- Introduction
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Poverty and inequality in Chile
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Recent developments
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- Figure 1.1. Poverty rates in Chile
- Figure 1.2. Poverty and inequality in Latin America comparison
- Figure 1.3. Inequality and poverty across OECD countries
- Table 1.1. Poverty across different groups, 2009
- Figure 1.4. Average household income by income decile
- Figure 1.5. Intergenerational earnings elasticity estimates
- + What accounts for the decrease in poverty and income inequality?
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Recent developments
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Cash transfers as an instrument to reduce poverty
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- The role of cash transfers for bolstering the income of the poor and increasing their productivity
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Cash transfers to date in Chile
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- + The role of transfer size
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The role of targeting
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Conditionality
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The quality of complementary social services
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Improving labour market outcomes for workers at risk of poverty
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Women, youth and the poor need help to improve their labour market outcomes
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Figure 1.9. Inactive and unemployed people across income quintiles
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Figure 1.10. Informality and job quality across income quintiles
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Figure 1.11. Young people and women in the labour market
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Figure 1.9. Inactive and unemployed people across income quintiles
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Training and job placement services
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Effective and efficient protection for workers from the effects of unemployment
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Figure 1.12. Unemployment benefit replacement rates (net of taxes), 2009
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Figure 1.13. Development of funds in the unemployment benefit system
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Figure 1.14. Average compulsory payment wedge and average tax wedge
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Figure 1.15. Employment protection legislation (EPL), 2008
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Figure 1.12. Unemployment benefit replacement rates (net of taxes), 2009
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What role for in-work benefits in Chile?
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Female labour market participation
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Labour relations
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Women, youth and the poor need help to improve their labour market outcomes
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Bibliography
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Chapter 2.
Building blocks for a better functioning housing market in Chile
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A significant share of the population lives in poor housing conditions
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Figure 2.1. Share of population living in poor housing conditions
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Figure 2.2. Housing quality
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Figure 2.3. Stock of inadequate housing
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Box 2.1. Economic consequences of the 2010 earthquake and tsunami
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Figure 2.4. Exposure to air pollution by particulates
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Figure 2.1. Share of population living in poor housing conditions
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House price growth has remained contained keeping housing affordable for most Chileans
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A deeper housing finance market has facilitated access to credit
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Figure 2.6. The size of the mortgage market in selected countries
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Figure 2.7. Mortgage market developments
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Table 2.2. Mortgage and financial market features in OECD countries
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Figure 2.6. The size of the mortgage market in selected countries
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A more efficient and resilient mortgage market could improve access to credit
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For poor households housing remains too expensive
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Housing subsidies have widened access to housing…
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Box 2.2. Chile’s housing subsidies
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- Figure 2.10. Public spending on housing and community amenities
- Figure 2.11. Number and value of housing subsidies
- Table 2.4. An assessment of Chile’s housing subsidy programmes: key features, equity and efficiency
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Box 2.2. Chile’s housing subsidies
- + ... but subsidies do not always reach those most in need
- Making housing subsidies more efficient and equitable through better targeting
- + Housing subsidies have not always led to better living conditions
- Better standards to improve housing quality and protect public health
- Measures to reduce segregation and avoid poverty traps
- + Housing support excessively promotes homeownership
- Making housing support more tenure neutral would uncover hidden demand and improve mobility
- Owner-occupied housing receives a preferential tax treatment
- + A tax reform to reduce distortions, improve equity and promote a more balanced housing market
- Bibliography
- + Annex 2.A1
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A significant share of the population lives in poor housing conditions
Special feature: Reducing poverty: cash transfers and better jobs
Book Details
Editors
Categories
Business & Economics > Forecasting
Publishers
Publication year : 2012
License: All rights reserved ©
Times read: 5
